Digital Model Research Articles

Dual-blend insight recommendation system for e-commerce recommendations and enhance personalization

E-commerce, short for electronic commerce, refers to the buying and selling of goods and services over the internet. This digital transaction model has revolutionized the way businesses operate and consumers shop. In response to the burgeoning complexity of e-commerce datasets, this work addresses the need for advanced recommendation systems. This work introduces the dual-blend insight recommendation system (DIRS) model for personalized e-commerce recommendation system. The DIRS model involves dataset loading, preprocessing, and feature extraction, enabling training with recurrent neural network (RNN) and Bayesian personalized ranking (BPR) models. Recommendations are generated based on user-defined functions, i.e., location and session, and evaluation metrics such as hit rate (HR) and mean reciprocal rate (MRR) highlight DIRS’s superior performance. The model is evaluated using the Tmall dataset. Results reveal DIRS consistently outperforms alternative algorithms, showcasing its effectiveness in 10k and 20k recommendation sets. This study provides valuable insights into optimizing e-commerce recommendations, emphasizing DIRS as a powerful model for enhancing user experience and engagement.

PjBL-based digital history model to improve historical concept skills and historical consciousness

Digital history-based project-based learning (PjBL) in history learning is a learning medium that can provide a special attraction for students who can improve historical concept skills and historical awareness. However, there are still many teachers who have not used it, so it is very important to study it. This research aims to analyze the influence of the digital history based PJBL model in improving historical concept skills and historical awareness. The method used is quasi-experimental with two classes, experimental and control. The population used class XI high school students in Lampung, Indonesia and the sample size was 213. Cluster random sampling was used to determine sampling, while data collection was in the form of test instruments. The test instrument questions were analyzed using the gain score and Kruskal-Walli’s test to determine the increase in historical concept skills and historical awareness with the help of statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 26. The research results confirmed that digital history based PjBL was effective in increasing historical concept skills and historical awareness with a high score, making it the best choice to overcome obstacles in history learning.

The unsuPervised shAllow laNdslide rapiD mApping: PANDA method applied to severe rainfalls in northeastern appenine (Italy)

Shallow landslides, frequently triggered by extreme events such as heavy rainfall, snowmelt, or earthquakes, affect vast areas with remarkable density. In the immediate aftermath of such events, it becomes crucial to rapidly assess landslides distribution and pinpoint the most severely affected areas to prioritize damage assessments and guide field survey operations effectively. Once the emergency phase subsides, the attention can shift to enhancing the accuracy of landslide inventory. In this work, we introduce the two-phase methodology “PANDA”, the unsuPervised shAllow laNdslide rapiD mApping, for the low-cost mapping of the potential landslides, firstly in the emergency phase and then, with an improved version, in the post-emergency one. This approach utilizes variations in NDVI derived from Sentinel-2 satellite imagery and geomorphological filters. We applied PANDA to rainfall events in the northeastern Apennine range, Italy, occurred in May 2023, causing dramatic social and economic consequences for this mountain territory. Within just five days of obtaining Sentinel-2 post-event imagery, we produced a reliable, ready-to-use map covering a vast area (∼4000 km2). The map tested during emergency field mapping shows positive feedback. In the post-emergency phase, accuracy was enhanced using completely cloud-free imagery, a filter to identify false positives associated with land use changes, a higher resolution digital terrain model (DTM), and an iterative approach to optimize NDVI and slope thresholds. Potential landslide density related with rainfall, indicating that the most severely affected region attained a density of approximately 50 landslides/km2. Validation against an independent manual inventory based on high-resolution imagery demonstrated encouraging accuracy results from both inventories, with a noticeable increase in the F1 score for the post-emergency version.

Comparison of two methods in maxillary canine retraction

The aim of this prospective clinical study is to evaluate the effects of laceback and Uprighter techniques on maxillary canine retraction using digital models and panoramic radiographs and to compare the results.Sixteen patients (10 females, 6 males) with an average chronological age of 16.24±2.99 years, requiring fixed orthodontic treatment with upper canines located in a high vestibular position and the need for bilateral first premolar extraction, were included in this study. 0.018-inch Roth brackets were used in the patients. In this split-mouth design study, while laceback was used on one side, Uprighter was used on the other side. Tooth movements were measured on three-dimensional models and panoramic radiographs obtained at the beginning of treatment (T0), 2 months later (T1), and 3.5 months later (T2). Two-way analysis of variance was applied for the comparison of differences between the groups in repeated measurements.The difference between groups was found to be statistically significant in terms of canine distalization, canine rotation, and molar angulation amounts. There was no statistically significant difference in the other parameters.Both uprighter and laceback techniques can be applied in maxillary canine cases located in the high vestibule. When Uprighter is used, the canine is distalized much more. However, it should be noted that while more molar tipping may occur when laceback is used, more canine distopalatal rotation may occur when uprighter is used.

A Numerical Expedition through the Mathematical Representation of Complex Braided Morphometry—A Case Study of Brahmaputra River in India

The present work explores the process of mathematical representation for the complex geometry of a wide alluvial river with high braiding intensities. It primarily focuses on an approach to developing a numerical solution algorithm for representing the complex channel geometry of the braided Brahmaputra River. Traditional elliptic PDEs with boundary-fitted coordinate transformation were deployed, converting the non-uniform physical plane into a transformed uniform orthogonal computational plane. This study was conducted for the river channel reach with upstream and downstream nodes at Pandu and Jogighopa (reach length ~100 km), respectively, within the Assam flood plain in India, with fourteen measured river cross-sections for the year of 1997. The geo-referenced image covering the river stretch in 1997 was delineated using a ArcGIS software 9.0 tool by digitizing the bank lines. Stream bed interpolation was conducted by interpolating bed elevation from a bathymetrical database onto code-generated mesh nodes. Discretization of the domain was performed through the developed computer code, and the bed-level matrix was generated by the IDW method as well as the MATLAB tool using the nearest neighborhood technique. A mathematical representation of a digital terrain model was thus developed. This generated model was employed as a geometrical data input to simulate secondary flow utilizing 2D depth-averaged equations with the flow dispersion stress tensor as an extra source component, coming from curvilinear flow patterns caused by severe river braiding. The developed model may further be useful in mathematically representing the geometrical complexities of braided rivers with a relatively realistic assessment of the various parameters involved if deployed with improved river modeling with morphometric evolution.

Enhancing academic performance: investigating the nexus between digital leadership and the role of digital culture

Purpose The purpose of this study is to establish the relationship between digital leadership and academic performance. It models the digitalization process, outlining why and how digital leadership is important for better academic performance. At the same time, this study examines the role of digital culture as a moderating variable in the direct relationship between main variables of the study. The study aims to expand the domain of academic performance at the university by including a much recent leadership-related aspect and organizational context of the digital culture. Design/methodology/approach The study opted for a descriptive study, using the survey instruments to collect the data. The sample population consisted of students currently enrolled at the Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Melaka, Malaysia. Based on the convenience sampling, 383 samples were drawn from the sample population. All items were adopted from previous literature, and expert feedback was obtained to examine the validity of the instruments. The data were analysed using SPSS and SmartPLS version 3.0. Findings This study provides empirical insights about how digital leadership is important for academic performance for the new millennials. Also, digital culture is found to provide significant moderation effect into the relationship. It suggests that universities must promote digitalization culture and embed the use of technology and digitalization into teaching and learning to cultivate a more effective learning process among university students. This is important as elements of digital leadership, including adaptive role, attitude, digital competency, digital skill and inspirational role, are found to significantly contribute to academic performance. Research limitations/implications This study only focuses on samples taken from one of the faculties in one campus, thus limiting its scope. Future research is encouraged to replicate the same study setting to include larger sample size from different faculties, or perhaps from different universities. These propositions could help to better generalize the research findings on the practice of digital leadership on academic performance in the country. However, this study established a digital leadership model that can be applied to undergraduate students at the universities. Also, the inclusion of digital culture can strengthen the learning process. Practical implications This study includes implications for the development of digital leadership attributes and promoting digital culture within the university students and environment for engaging in a better academic performance. Digital leadership is found to be an important criterion of academic performance in this digital age society, and cultivating digital culture enhances students’ academic performance. These findings shall prompt the university to actively engage in fostering digitalization culture within the university. Also, the top management of the university should inform the students to be adaptive and cultivate the attributes of digital leaders, as their readiness to cope with the technological change has significant positive impact on their academic performance. Social implications It is important to ensure that the future graduates that are being produced are ready to take on more challenges as digital leaders in the digital society. This might accelerate the country’s initiatives and efforts towards becoming a developed nation. Thus, investing in oneself to become digitally literate and competent might not only influence their academic performance, but they will also be equipped to fulfil one of the expectations of future employers of potential graduates, which is possessing digital leadership. Originality/value Digitalization is not only about the technology. It is about the people too. As the study on digital leadership is still in its infant stage, this study is unique as it is among the earliest to establish digital leadership constructs within the context of Malaysia. It informs the university that digital leadership provides significant contribution to academic performance. Thus, the university is encouraged to nurture digitalization, not only in the teaching and learning but also with the people within the university environment. Determining the right programs and plans for the curricular will help students to develop digital leadership attributes more effectively. Finally, improving digitalization among its students and culture is important, as these elements provide significant effect towards academic performance.

Geomorphic changes after the 2021 Central European flood in the Ahr Valley by LiDAR-based differences

BackgroundIn July 2021, destructive floods in Western Europe were triggered by enormous precipitation rates related to a low-pressure system named "Bernd." These catastrophic events led not only to major damage to infrastructure, severe economic losses, and the loss of lives but also to significant landscape changes and modifications. Here, we focus, as a case study, on the flood aftermath of the Ahr Valley in Rhineland-Palatinate state in western Germany, as it was one of the most affected and destroyed regions by the flood. We utilize high-resolution Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) based on airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) that were taken shortly before and after the flood to investigate insights into geomorphic changes. ResultsBy calculating Digital Terrain Models of Difference (DoD), we are able to quantify volumetric and areal changes caused by erosional and depositional processes for different sites in the Ahr Valley. Due to the morphology of the narrow Ahr Valley, most of the erosion and deposition is located within the deeply incised canyon of the Ahr River. The comprehensive analysis reveals notable morphological modifications throughout the study area, with a calculated erosion/deposition areal ratio of 0.46 and an erosion/deposition volumetric ratio of 0.63. Our findings indicate massive deposition regarding both areal and volumetric. We selected six different locations along the Ahr Valley that showcase distinct aspects of flood-induced fluvial morpho-dynamics. Deposition occurred mainly in point bars and downstream of destroyed artificial levees, in a braided river style.ConclusionOur investigations contribute to an overview and assessment of the morphological response to the destructive flood in the Ahr Valley. The results emphasize the necessity for implementing effective flood management strategies, as most of the urban areas in the Ahr Valley were flooded. Moreover, our results provide valuable insights into the impacted areas, highlighting vulnerable locations for flood-related erosion and deposition. This information could contribute to future mitigation and protection efforts, aiding in the development of comprehensive strategies to minimize the impact of similar events in the future.

Use of Digital Tools (Wikihouse System) in Multi-Local Social Housing

The primary objective of this study is to formulate a comprehensive digital and physical model, at a scaled level, for a social housing unit utilizing the open-source Wikihouse system. The construction industry is currently grappling with the dual challenges of a real estate crisis and climate change. In response to this scenario, the integration of industrialized methods in construction processes is advocated to enhance the overall quality of the end product, streamline construction timelines, and curtail production costs. The algorithm developed for this purpose leverages Rhino and Grasshopper programs, thereby optimizing material efficiency when compared to traditional individual pieces. Noteworthy among the features of the Wikihouse system is its remarkable versatility, allowing implementation in diverse locations. This flexibility stems from its efficient assembly characteristics, which liberate it from the constraints of rigid modular structures, contributing significantly to architectural design flexibility. The paramount finding of this research is the demonstrated efficiency of the proposed system, requiring 44% less time compared to conventional construction practices and exhibiting a commendable 29% reduction in costs. These outcomes position the Wikihouse-based approach as an appealing and competitive alternative within the real estate sector.

Automated Derivation of Vine Objects and Ecosystem Structures Using UAS-Based Data Acquisition, 3D Point Cloud Analysis, and OBIA

This study delves into the analysis of a vineyard in Carinthia, Austria, focusing on the automated derivation of ecosystem structures of individual vine parameters, including vine heights, leaf area index (LAI), leaf surface area (LSA), and the geographic positioning of single plants. For the derivation of these parameters, intricate segmentation processes and nuanced UAS-based data acquisition techniques are necessary. The detection of single vines was based on 3D point cloud data, generated at a phenological stage in which the plants were in the absence of foliage. The mean distance from derived vine locations to reference measurements taken with a GNSS device was 10.7 cm, with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.07. Vine height derivation from a normalized digital surface model (nDSM) using photogrammetric data showcased a strong correlation (R2 = 0.83) with real-world measurements. Vines underwent automated classification through an object-based image analysis (OBIA) framework. This process enabled the computation of ecosystem structures at the individual plant level post-segmentation. Consequently, it delivered comprehensive canopy characteristics rapidly, surpassing the speed of manual measurements. With the use of uncrewed aerial systems (UAS) equipped with optical sensors, dense 3D point clouds were computed for the derivation of canopy-related ecosystem structures of vines. While LAI and LSA computations await validation, they underscore the technical feasibility of obtaining precise geometric and morphological datasets from UAS-collected data paired with 3D point cloud analysis and object-based image analysis.

Spatial Trueness Evaluation of 3D-Printed Dental Model Made of Photopolymer Resin: Use of Special Structurized Dental Model

(1) Background: Various 3D printers are available for dental practice; however, a comprehensive accuracy evaluation method to effectively guide practitioners is lacking. This in vitro study aimed to propose an optimized method to evaluate the spatial trueness of a 3D-printed dental model made of photopolymer resin based on a special structurized dental model, and provide the preliminary evaluation results of six 3D printers. (2) Methods: A structurized dental model comprising several geometrical configurations was designed based on dental crown and arch measurement data reported in previous studies. Ninety-six feature sizes can be directly measured on this original model with minimized manual measurement errors. Six types of photo-curing 3D printers, including Objet30 Pro using the Polyjet technique, Projet 3510 HD Plus using the Multijet technique, Perfactory DDP and DLP 800d using the DLP technique, Form2 and Form3 using the SLA technique, and each printer’s respective 3D-printable dental model materials, were used to fabricate one set of physical models each. Regarding the feature sizes of the simulated dental crowns and dental arches, linear measurements were recorded. The scanned digital models were compared with the design data, and 3D form errors (including overall 3D deviation; flatness, parallelism, and perpendicularity errors) were measured. (3) Results: The lowest overall 3D deviation, flatness, parallelism, and perpendicularity errors were noted for the models printed using the Objet30 Pro (overall value: 45 μm), Form3 (0.061 ± 0.019 mm), Objet30 Pro (0.138 ± 0.068°), and Projet 3510 HD Plus (0.095 ± 0.070°), respectively. In color difference maps, different deformation patterns were observed in the printed models. The feature size proved most accurate for the Objet30 Pro fabricated models (occlusal plane error: 0.02 ± 0.36%, occlusogingival direction error: −0.06 ± 0.09%). (4) Conclusions: The authors investigated a novel evaluation approach for the spatial trueness of a 3D-printed dental model made of photopolymer resin based on a structurized dental model. This method can objectively and comprehensively evaluate the spatial trueness of 3D-printed dental models and has a good repeatability and generalizability.

Digital Dieting Model

This research explores the effect of Digital diet model on the study habits of adolescent children .the sample consisted of 12 students from class VIII, IX, X, XI, XII of private senior secondary schools in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh during the academic session 2023-24. The sample was selected based on age of adolescent due to the experimental nature of the study, the students were equally distributed into control and experimental group. A self developed digital diet model was implemented before and after the experiment. The experimental group has to follow digital diet model for three weeks .the intervention program was administered for three weeks and the data obtained were analyzed by applying the t test. The research findings revealed that students study habits increased significantly with the use of Digital diet model (DDM) . as the healthy diet is important for a good health as same as digital diet model is supportive & considerate in enhancing students study habits.

Data-driven modeling in digital twin for power system anomaly detection

Background: Power system anomaly detection is of great significance for realizing system situation awareness and early detection of system operating risks. In view of the complex operating conditions of the system, there are a large number of opaque links in the mechanism, and the anomaly detection approach based on physical mechanism modeling is prone to system errors due to assumptions, simplification, and transfer in the modeling process. This paper focuses on digital twin based data-driven approaches for power system anomaly detection to compensate for the limitation of physical methods in dynamical modeling. Methods: First of all, a digital twin framework for power system real-time analysis is constructed based on the concept of digital twin. Then, this paper conducts researches on the core of the designed framework, i.e., digital twin modeling. Considering the complexity of power system operating conditions, data-driven modeling is preferred and a random matrix and free probability theory based model for anomaly detection of system operating situation is constructed. Results: Simulation data with different spatiotemporal structure generated through a Monte Carlo experiment verified the sensitivity of the constructed model for data correlations. Meanwhile, the case on the system operating data generated through the IEEE 118-bus system validate the effectiveness of the proposed model for the system anomaly detection. Conclusions: The constructed data-driven model can accurately characterize the correlations among data elements, has good sensitivity to the variation of data spatial and temporal correlations, and can depict the data residuals better than the M-P law curve, which indicates the practicability and necessity of the constructed data-driven model for the digital twin modeling of power system anomaly detection.

Bioinspiration from bats and new paradigms for autonomy in natural environments

Achieving autonomous operation in complex natural environment remains an unsolved challenge. Conventional engineering approaches to this problem have focused on collecting large amounts of sensory data that are used to create detailed digital models of the environment. However, this only postpones solving the challenge of identifying the relevant sensory information and linking it to action control to the domain of the digital world model. Furthermore, it imposes high demands in terms of computing power and introduces large processing latencies that hamper autonomous real-time performance. Certain species of bats that are able to navigate and hunt their prey in dense vegetation could be a biological model system for an alternative approach to addressing the fundamental issues associated with autonomy in complex natural environments. Bats navigating in dense vegetation rely on clutter echoes, i.e. signals that consist of unresolved contributions from many scatters. Yet, the animals are able to extract the relevant information from these input signals with brains that are often less than 1 g in mass. Pilot results indicate that information relevant to location identification and passageway finding can be directly obtained from clutter echoes, opening up the possibility that the bats’ skill can be replicated in man-made autonomous systems.

Development of a digital transformation maturity model for the construction industry

PurposeDigital transformation is crucial for achieving high-quality development in the construction industry. Assessing the industry's digital maturity is an urgent necessity. The Digital Transformation Maturity Model is a potential tool to systematically evaluate the digital maturity levels of various industries. However, most existing models predominantly focus on sectors such as the Internet and manufacturing, leaving the construction industry comparatively underrepresented. This study aims to address this gap by developing a maturity model tailored specifically for digital transformation within the construction industry.Design/methodology/approachThis study leverages the Capability Maturity Theory and integrates the unique characteristics of the construction industry to construct a comprehensive maturity model for digital transformation. The model comprises five critical dimensions: industry environment, strategy and organization, digital infrastructure, business process and management digitization, and digital performance. These dimensions encompass a total of 25 assessment indexes. To validate the model's feasibility and effectiveness, a digital transformation maturity assessment was conducted within China's construction industry.FindingsThe results of the maturity assessment within the Chinese construction industry reveal that it currently operates at the third level of digital maturity (defined level). The industry's maturity score stands at 2.329 out of 5. This outcome indicates that the developed model is accurate and reliable in assessing the level of digital transformation maturity within the construction industry.Originality/valueThis paper contributes both practical and theoretical insights to the field of digital transformation within the construction industry. By creating a tailored maturity model, it addresses a significant gap in existing research and offers a valuable tool for assessing and advancing digital maturity levels within this industry.

Create virtual dentoskeletal model by superimposing digital dental cast into cone-beam computed tomography scan.

Many artifacts and obstacles associated with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan can obscure or distort the details of the teeth and occlusal surface, like distorted teeth, streak artifacts, noise, and some malocclusion cases with excessive overlapping between jaws cause decrease the interocclusal space, which can impact diagnosis and treatment planning, and the 3D reconstruction accuracy. Optimizing dental precision by Integrating CBCT scans with other imaging modalities, supply more information to enhance CBCT accuracy, mainly in dental areas with limited clarity. Performing the Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry method, using phone camera and photograph studio setup using simple hardware, to digitize the dental casts and obtain an accurate digital dental model. Using this digital dental model to enhance dental precision in the CBCT data by performing the superimposition process, using a surface-based registration method and integration process to create a virtual dentoskeletal model. Evaluate the accuracy and quality of the superimposition results using qualitative (visual inspection) and quantitative measures. The differences between the virtual dentoskeletal model and the reference CBCT model are calculating by the 3D Euclidean distance, the mean ± SD are 0.212 ± 0.169mm and 0.26 ± 0.149mm for the maxilla and mandible, respectively. The color-coded map shows that the two surfaces are similar, but the extremist values are concentrated in the dental region due to the presence of the noise in the reference model and the gingiva in the virtual dentoskeletal model. The resulting virtual dentoskeletal model can be viewed and manipulated on a computer screen, allowing for a detailed analysis of the teeth and supporting structures. The 3D model generated by the SfM photogrammetry technique did well during the superimposition process, representing a reliable method for virtual-based processing such as orthognathic surgery planning and splint design.

Cranial functional specialisation for strength precedes morphological evolution in Oviraptorosauria

Oviraptorosaurians were a theropod dinosaur group that reached high diversity in the Late Cretaceous. Within oviraptorosaurians, the later diverging oviraptorids evolved distinctive crania which were extensively pneumatised, short and tall, and had a robust toothless beak, interpreted as providing a powerful bite for their herbivorous to omnivorous diet. The present study explores the ability of oviraptorid crania to resist large mechanical stresses compared with other theropods and where this adaptation originated within oviraptorosaurians. Digital 3D cranial models were constructed for the earliest diverging oviraptorosaurian, Incisivosaurus gauthieri, and three oviraptorids, Citipati osmolskae, Conchoraptor gracilis, and Khaan mckennai. Finite element analyses indicate oviraptorosaurian crania were stronger than those of other herbivorous theropods (Erlikosaurus and Ornithomimus) and were more comparable to the large, carnivorous Allosaurus. The cranial biomechanics of Incisivosaurus align with oviraptorids, indicating an early establishment of distinctive strengthened cranial biomechanics in Oviraptorosauria, even before the highly modified oviraptorid cranial morphology. Bite modelling, using estimated muscle forces, suggests oviraptorid crania may have functioned closer to structural safety limits. Low mechanical stresses around the beaks of oviraptorids suggest a convergently evolved, functionally distinct rhamphotheca, serving as a cropping/feeding tool rather than for stress reduction, when compared with other herbivorous theropods.

A novel meta‐learning network for partial discharge source localization in gas‐insulated switchgear via digital twin

AbstractDue to the requirement for highly precise synchronous sampling and the substantial reliance on time difference calculations, the current partial discharge (PD) localization based on the time difference of arrival is only applicable in certain situations. As digital twin technology has advanced, it is possible to employ virtual models to support gas‐insulated switchgear (GIS) PD localization. To do this, we propose a meta‐learning (ML) network with the aid of digital twin for actual GIS PD localization. Firstly, a GIS digital twin model was established to acquire an auxiliary simulated sample library. Then, a temporal convolutional network is established to extract the discriminable features, effectively obtain the time dependence between features, and improve the accuracy of localization. Next, ML is adopted to quickly learn meta‐knowledge that can be applied across tasks, and the model's sensitivity to task changes is improved. Finally, the model is fine‐tuned through a limited number of samples from the target task, and high precise PD localization is achieved. The experimental results demonstrate that the ML has an average localization error of only 9.25 cm and a probability density rose to 93% within 20 cm, which is clearly superior to previous methods.

Channel Morphology Change after Restoration: Drone Laser Scanning versus Traditional Surveying Techniques

Accurate and precise measures of channel morphology are important when monitoring a stream post-restoration to determine changes in stability, water quality, and aquatic habitat availability. Practitioners often rely on traditional surveying methods such as a total station for measuring channel metrics (e.g., cross-sectional area, width, depth, and slope). However, these methods have limitations in terms of coarse sampling densities and time-intensive field efforts. Drone-based lidar or drone laser scanning (DLS) provides much higher resolution point clouds and has the potential to improve post-restoration monitoring efforts. For this study, a 1.3-km reach of Stroubles Creek (Blacksburg, VA, USA), which underwent a restoration in 2010, was surveyed twice with a total station (2010 and 2021) and twice with DLS (2017 and 2021). The initial restoration was divided into three treatment reaches: T1 (livestock exclusion), T2 (livestock exclusion and bank treatment), and T3 (livestock exclusion, bank treatment, and inset floodplain). Cross-sectional channel morphology metrics were extracted from the 2021 DLS scan and compared to metrics calculated from the 2021 total station survey. DLS produced 6.5 times the number of cross sections over the study reach and 8.8 times the number of points per cross section compared to the total station. There was good agreement between the metrics derived from both surveying methods, such as channel width (R2 = 0.672) and cross-sectional area (R2 = 0.597). As a proof of concept to demonstrate the advantage of DLS over traditional surveying, 0.1 m digital terrain models (DTMs) were generated from the DLS data. Based on the drone lidar data, from 2017 to 2021, treatment reach T3 showed the most stability, in terms of the least change and variability in cross-sectional metrics as well as the least erosion area and volume per length of reach.

Digital Twin Model and Its Establishment Method for Steel Structure Construction Processes

At present, the informatization level in the construction process of steel structures is relatively low. Meanwhile, digital twin technology, with better interactive features, provides a new development direction for the intelligent construction of steel structures. Therefore, this paper introduces the concept of a digital twin into the steel structure construction process, analyzes the connotation and characteristics of the digital twin model, and proposes the digital twin model architecture for steel structure construction processes. Furthermore, a method for establishing a digital twin model for steel structure construction processes is presented, which includes three stages: the acquisition and transmission of physical space data, the construction of a digital twin virtual model, and information exchange in the digital twin model. Based on these concepts, this paper describes a digital twin system architecture for the steel structure construction process from the perspective of data flow in the digital twin model. Finally, with the application of information technology in the steel structure construction process of the university park library project in Xiongan New Area and the reconstruction and expansion project of the Nanchong Gaoping airport, the digital twin model and its establishment method methods are analyzed practically and demonstrated effectively in this study.

Assessing flood susceptibility with ALOS PALSAR and LiDAR digital terrain models using the height above nearest drainage (HAND) model

Assessing flood susceptibility with ALOS PALSAR and LiDAR digital terrain models using the height above nearest drainage (HAND) model